Oceans and Undersea Life Thematic Unit


Focus: Students will study the oceans and seas of the world, the animal life that swims in them and the countries that border them.
Grade Level: Primary (K- 5th)
Suggested Objectives (Not All Inclusive):
1. Know how much of the world is covered with water.
2. Name the four oceans and the major seas.
3. Name the countries bordering the four oceans.
4. Know the difference between salt and fresh water.
5. Know the foods that we eat which come from the oceans.
6. Students will have a concept of environmental issues affecting the ocean and its organisms.
7. Know the food chains, life cycles and plant life found in the oceans.
8. Know how oceans/seas effect our weather.
9. Name and locate the island nations of the world.
10. Know the animal and plant life of the different oceans.
11. Name the major explorers who sailed the seas and why they are famous.


I. Getting Started
1. Ask students, "What do you know about the ocean?"Accept all contributions without correction. Give students a chance to discuss their personal experiences relating to oceans. Then ask,"What would you like to learn about the ocean?" Record responses on a chart and display the list for future reference.


II. Classroom Decor
1. Dress up classroom windows like a ship's portholes.

2. Adopt a sea creature/animal for your class or each class and make a banner or cut-out of the creature/animal to hang outside and/or in your room.

a. Devote a part of a classroom wall as your sea creature/animal display. This could include pictures, biological facts, migrating habits, food chain, and life cycle.

3. Have a "helping hands" octopus showing all the class helpers for the week, i.e. line leader, office messenger, board eraser, etc.

4. Display a "catch of the day" net. Every time a students is recognized for their good behavior for the day, their name goes into the net. Whoever has their name in the net the most times at the end of the month wins a prize or gains a privilege. This concept can also be expanded to include the student who reads the most books dealing with an ocean theme or books in general.

5. Display a compass rose on a wall making sure it is pointing in the correct position.

6. Display a beach scene sometime during the winter months complete with sand, seashells and flora.

7. Display a relief map showing what the ocean floor looks life.(National Geographic magazine is a good source for one of these.)

III. Literature/English 1. Divide the school or class into four sections and assign one of the four oceans, Arctic, Atlantic, Indian, and Pacific, as a research project or thematic unit.
a. Each class researches animals/creatures and plant life within their ocean.

2. Each student develops a "Ship's Log". It can be a composition notebook, folder, sheets of paper stapled together and decorated, etc. and used to record writings, research, observations, etc.

4. After reading Monster Beach by Betty Paraskevas, have your class pick a dangerous sea creature (real or imagined) and write about a narrow escape from one of these creatures.

5. Pass Follow Me! by Nancy Tafuri around the classroom and allow each student to look through the book and then complete the following activities.
·Create a Sandy Scene. With an empty soup can, scissors, construction paper, and a variety of materials such as shells, seaweed, yarn or buttons. Let children recreate the beach scene from the book focusing specifically on the animals and their beach home.

·Have students write a poem about "A Day in the Life of the Sea Lion". Place their poems in the can.

·Have students write a dialogue for the pictures. Ask them to think about what the sea lions would say when they noticed the red crabs or while they floated on their backs in the ocean. Place these scripts in the cans also.


·Have the students form small groups and share their writings from their cans.
Discussion Questions
1. If you had a sea lion what would you name it? Why? Where would you keep it?

2. Why do you think the sea lion was so interested in following the crabs?

3. If you were the curious sea lion what other animals would you choose to investigate. What would you like to find out about them?

IV. Poetry/Songs

1. Author Title Publisher
Armour, Richard. Strange Monsters of the Sea. McGraw-Hill.
Bender, Lione. Creatures of the Deep. Gloucester Press.
Foster, John. Sea Poems. Oxford.
Heard, Georgia. Creatures of the Earth, Sea, and Sky. Boyds Mill.
Hopkins, Lee B. "The Sea Is Calling Me," Harcourt Instructor Staff Poetry Place Anthology Instructor.
Donnell, Elizabeth. Twelve Days of Summer. Morrow Jr. Books.
Prelutsky, Jack. The Random House Book of Poetry for Children. Random House.
Windham, Sophie. The Mermaid and Other Sea Poems. Scholastic.
Worth, Valerie. All the Small Poems. Farrar,Straus.
2. Learn the song "Under the Sea" from the movie The Little Mermaid. Ask the students to identify what is 'under the sea."
3. Read aloud some poems about the ocean. Then work on innovation. Brainstorm some things that could be changed about a particular poem-its title, the creatures mentioned, adjectives, etc. Make a Word Bank on the chalkboard, chart paper,or over-head. Then replace the words in the original poem with words from the Word Bank. An example of an innovation follows: Original Poem Innovation The Sea The Sea Behold the wonders of the mighty deep, Behold the wonders of the mighty sea, Where crabs and lobsters learn to creep, Where sea anemones love to be, And little fishes learn to swim, And tiny starfish like to play, And clumsy sailors tumble in. And hungry catfish feed all day.


4. Read Sea Gifts by George Shannon aloud to the class. Discuss and list some of the treasures found by the man who trades with the sea (anemones; a blue glass bubble from a fishing net; and empty shell). Then make a list of what he did with these objects (put them on his shelf; saves wood to mend his home; carves wood). Have students choose one phrase form each list and use them to write an original Sea Gifts poem.


5. Limericks: Read a variety of limericks to to the class. One good source is John Ciardi's The Hopeful Trout and Other Limericks (Hougton Mifflin, 1989). Write a limerick on the chalkboard or overhead projector. Establish the aa, bb, a rhyming pattern of the limerick such as the following:


There once was a mermaid named Cloris /Who liked to sing in a chorus. /But one day she fled /'Cause she didn't want to wed /The serpent whose nickname was Boris.


Suggest the following helpful method for writing limericks - list words that rhyme with the first and third lines. Cloris fled Boris Morris chorus bed fed red wed Horace Doris dead head read Tyrannosaurus said lead Ted

V. History/Social Studies
1. Research the Christmas customs of countries bordering oceans and if these customs have been influenced by their proximity to the water.

2. Identify the island nations of the world and located and mark them on a world map.

3. Research all the seas battles which changed the course of world history and mark their location on a world map.

4. Where in the World?: Reproduce a world map and create a transparency of the map and use an overhead projector to draw an enlarged version for a bulletin board. Have students label the five oceans (Atlantic, Pacific, Indian, Arctic, and Antarctic) along with as many seas, gulfs and bays as possible. Have students draw real sea ceratures and pin them to the board on the oceans where they are found.


5. Have students find out more about one of, but not limited to, the following ocean related occupations and report their findings to the class or write a short report titled 'A Week in the Life of a ________.' A good source to start with is I Can Be an Oceanographer by Paul Sipera. Students may wish to include in their report how they think this job might change in the future.

·Commerical Fishermen-catch ocean creatures to sell to markets

·Marine Geologists-study rocks and the formation of the ocean floor

·Marine Biologist-study the animal and plants of the ocean

·Divers-assist in finding sunken treasures, repairing underwater equipment, gathering information for research, etc.

·Oceanographers-explore and study the ocean

·Offshore Drillers-explore beneath the ocean floor for deposits of petroleum and natural gas to be used for various forms of energy

·Mariculturists-raise or farm fish and other sea life for food and/or restocking the ocean ·Marine Ichthyologist-study fish, their habitats, the food they eat, their relationship to their environment, etc.

·Marine Ecologists-study the relationships between sea creatures and their environment, like the effects of pollution on a particular species, etc.


·Captain/Crew of a ship-work on a commercial boat or cruise ship

·Navigatiors-use directions to determine the shipís course at sea

6. People Dependent on the Sea: Many cultures, such as the Aleuts or Hawaiians, are dependent upon the sea. This dependency is reflected in their foods, fashions, folklore. Have students, indiviually or in groups, study a culture highly dependent upon the ocean and report their findings. This can be done as cooperative groups with the findings depicted in a mural.


7. Lighthouses: Read Beacons of Light: Lighthouses to your students. Then have them bring pictures of lighthouses to class. Create a display by attaching yarn from each picture to the lighthouseís approximate location on a map. Students research additional information to be compiled in a lighthouse mini-book.


VI. Math
1. Plot points on a graph according to the specific times high tides and low tides occur in one week.

2. Count the number of sea shells that it takes to fill a container. Have the students estimate how many shells are in the container and see who comes the closest.

3. Use the lengths of whale species to help students use and understand basic math concepts: Humpack Whales 50ft.; Fin Whales 80 ft.; Killer Whales 30 ft.; Grey Whales 45 ft.;Sei Whales 60 ft.; Blue Whales 100ft.

4. Ordering: Give each group two or three dozen seashells of various types. Have them place their shells in order: -smallest to largest -lightest to heaviest -shortest to longest -thinnest to thickest
5. Serving Up Seafood: Have students create a seafood menu and establish prices for their food items. Groups of students role play restaurant owners, servers,and customers. Students order their seafood menu. Using calculators, students add totals with tax. Customers pay with play money and restaurant owners make the change. All participants must agree on the calculations before the roles change.


6. The book Sea Squares beautifully integrates the subject of math with literature. While sharing this book, pause frequently to allow the students to count the total number of items on each two-page spread. While counting is reinforced, the concept of mutiplication (limited to squaring numbers from 1 to 10) is also introduced. After reading this book, individuals or pairs of students can create their own sea counting pictures in a similar format. Combine pictures into a class counting book.


7.Create a Habitat. Instruct students to visit the Whale Information Network (http://chopper.macmedia.com.au/whales/whales3.html) and the Discovery Channel's H2Oceans (http://school.discovery.com/spring97/themes/h2oceans/index.html) What would it take to create a habitat for a whale that is 25 feet long and weighs four tons? Challenge your students to consider the necessary life-support requirements for creating an artificial habitat at their local aquarium.
8. Effects of Commercial Whaling. After reading about whales at the Whale Information Network site, ask your students to create a graph showing the effects of commercial whaling on nine species of whales. Materials for this activity include whale population estimates, so that students can create graphs and determine the actual numbers of whales harmed by fishing.
9. Visit The Jason Project site (http://www.jasonproject.org). Have them locate the shark tracking data files. Based on the data let students plot their own shark charts.
VII. Health/Science
1. Using a Venn diagram, compare two oceans and find at least three similarities and three differences.
2. Make a collage from magazine cut-outs that depicts many products, food or industrial, that come from the ocean.
3. Children and adults alike, are often curious why the oceans are so salty. After reading Why the Sea Is Salt and Ocean's chapter "The Water Cycle" have students perform the following experiment. ·Have children get into small groups.
·Each group will need two glass jars, 4 tablespoons of Kosher Salt, and two hard boiled eggs. ·Fill both jars with water.
·Compare what happens when a boiled egg is placed in each jar.
·Compare what happens when a boiled egg is placed in each jar.
·Continue adding salt to the salt solution until the egg floats in the middle of the jar.
Discussion questions
1. Why is the ocean salty?
2. Why did the egg float in the salty jar?
3. Would you rather swim in salt or fresh water? Why or why not?
4. In Oceanarium many types of fish are featured. Have the students choose their favorite fish and then proceed to the following activities.
·Materials needed: banner paper; markers, paint or crayons; yarn, old newspaper, scissors, hole puncher.
·Ask students to draw the outline of their favorite fish on a large piece of banner paper (approximately 2 feet long).
·Next have them cut out the outline and trace its exact dimensions on a second sheet of banner paper. Instruct them to cut out the second outline also.
·They can now decorate their fish the way it is presented in Oceanarium.
·Staple both sides together leaving an opening to stuff newspaper in between them.
·When the fish is stuffed finish stapling it.
·Punch a hole at each end of the fish and tie yarn through it.
·Hang fish from the ceiling or around the classroom and have student try to identify their proper names.
Discussion Questions
1. Why did you choose your fish as your favorite?
2. What is the normal length of your fish.
3. Can you tell the class interesting facts about your favorite type of fish?
4. Allow children to view the video Jack, the Seal and the Sea.
·This activity will help students understand the dangers that plastic resents to the oceans and its inhabitants. Collect several plastics objects such as a garbage bag, food bag, wrappings from a food item, toy car or a drinking straw. Students should form small groups and select a plastic object to discuss. Each group should discuss and list the problems each plastic item could present to ocean life. Have them share their list with the class.
·As a class, write a letter to the following address voicing your concerns and offering suggestions for stopping pollution to our oceans. Marine Conservation 1725 DeSales Street, NW Suite 500 Washington, DC 20036
VIII. Arts/Crafts 1. Make a submarine or boat out of household products such as plastics container, straws, plastic bottles, etc.
2. Mobles are fun to make and neat to look at while they are hanging. A Tides Mobile will be useful in helping students understand the positions of the moon, sun, and earth during spring and neap tides. Materials needed: Clothes hangers, straws, string, colored construction pap cardboard, scissors, paper clips, tape, markers, glue, one-hole punch.
·With a pencil or marker draw a moon, sun, earth, and star on construction paper. Remember to keep them proportional.
·Glue the drawings to cardboard and then cut them out.
·With the hole punch make a hole in the top of each piece; put string through each hole and tie securely.
·Attach the ends of the string to the clothes hanger to the straw and then to the hanger.
·Weight the with paper clips if needed.
3. With sand, glue, construction paper or cardboard a neat sand picture can be created. Spread newspaper over the working area. Draw a design or ocean scene on the construction paper or cardboard. Apply glue along the outlines of the design. Pour sand onto the glue and allow to dry. Gently shake the picture over the newspaper or a waste basket to remove excess sand.
4. Ask students to visit the Jason Project site (http://www.jasonproject.org). Students can research different aquatic animals at this site and then make a quilt piece illustrating the creature. These can be pieced together for an ìoceans quilt.î. You will need squares of old cloth, scissors, needle and thread, glue and any other materials to be creative with.
IX. Internet Resources

1. The Jason Project http://www.jasonproject.org Websight based on an investigation by Dr. Robert Ballard and other researchers into the marine ecology and habitats of Southern Florida. A teacher's guide is available.

2. Oceans: A Study via Remote Sensing Introduction http://k12science.ati.stevens-tech.edu/curriculum/oceans/open.html This site uses data collected from ocean buoys and ships in various science and math activities.

3. H2Oceans (Discovery Channel) http://school.discovery.com/spring97/themes/h2oceans/index.html This page offers a variety of information to help explain and explore the H2Oceans theme, including an overview, a complete list of programs, interesting theme-related classroom activities, and useful links.

4. In Search Of The Giant Squid/Smithsonian http://seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov/squid.html This online exhibit explores and interprets the mystery, beauty, and complexity of giant squids.

5. Ocean Planet/Smithsonian http://seawifs.gsfc.nasa.gov/ocean_planet.html The Ocean Planet site is a companion exihibit to the Smithsonian Institutuion's National Museum Of Natural History traveling exhibition.

6. Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution http://www.hboi.edu Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution a non-profit organization involved in research and education in marine biology, aquaculture, and ocean engineering.

7. Ocean Color http://inspire.ospi.wednet.edu:8001/curric/oceans/ocolor/index.html This site is an online activity that uses graphics to draw conclusions about plant production in the world's oceans.



8. North Carolina Division of Marine Fisheries http://www.sips.state.nc.us/EHNR/DMF Sponsored by a state agency. Features a kid's page and activities for children which are instructional as well as fun. An interactive fish quiz is included.

9. Sea World http://www.bev.net/education/SeaWorld/homepage.html Website organized around three topics; Animal Info.; Career Info; and Educational Resources.

10. Welcome to Mystic Seaport http://www.mystic.org/ Based on the waterfront site in Connecticut which tell stories of America and the sea.

11. The Birch Aquarium http://aqua.ucsd.edu/ Part of the Scripps Oceanography Institute and features extensive lesson plans for teachers.

12. The Florida Aquarium http://www.sptimes.com/aquarium/default.html A virtual visit to Tampa Bay's newest attraction. Contains sections titled: Habitats; Hands On; and Play Pond.

13.Monterey Bay Aquarium On-Line http://www.usw.nps.navy.mil/~millercw/aq/ A handy "e-q" guide helps the user find information and the smoothest path. Topics include: Habitats Path; and At The Core: Conservation, Research & Education.

14. New England Aquarium http://www.neaq.org/ Sponsored by the New England Aquarium of Boston, MA., offers a rich resource on oceans and maritime life.

15. Osaka Aquarium http://www.hitachizosen.co.jp/info/kaiyukan/kaiyukan-e.html This Japanese aquarium featuring diverse environments found along the "Ring of Fire." Includes information about the Pacific Ocean, the Gulf of Panama, and the Tasman Sea. Each category tell what the water temperature is and lists what creatures are present.

16. Waikiki Aquarium http://www.mic.hawaii.edu/aquarium/ Focuses on the aquatic life of Hawaii and the tropical Pacific Ocean. Has good information on animals and plants. The Discovery Page is probably best page for kids, featuring a monthly word scramble and an animal of the month, which comes with a coloring sheet.

17. Baby's Tale http://www.webcom.com/~iwcwww/whale_adoption/babytale.html Contains basic information about the birth and infancy of baby whales.

18. The Great White Shark Facts http://www.netzone.com:80/~drewgrgich/picshark.html Subtitled "The Cold-Hard Facts", gives good basic information on this creature kids, as well as many adults, are fascinated by.

19. Keiko The Killer Whale http://www.ohwy.com/or/k/keiko.htm Tells the story of the killer whale whose life is the basis for the movies Free Willy and Free Willy II.

20. The Penguin Page http://www.vni.net/~kwelch/penguins/ (Site is not working properly but it would be worth trying to see if it is fixed.)

21. Save The Manatee Club http://www.objectlinks.com/manatee/index.htm Seeks to educate the public about the environmental fragility of this animal and offers much to the classroom teacher.

22. Sea Turtle Trax http://www.turtles.org/ Designed to educate people about the wonder & beauty of the marine turtle.

23. South Australian Whale Center http://www.webmedia.com.au/whales/whcent.html Features a menu marked with whale icons from which the student can explore different facets of whales.

24. Whale Information Network http://chopper.macmedia.com.au/whales/whales3.html Keeps a record of whale sightings and characteristics.

25. Whales: A Thematic Web Unit http://curry.edschool.Virginia.EDU/go/Whales A table of contents guides teachers to resources such as a bibliography, book reviews, a glossary of whale terms, homework ideas and lesson plans.

26. The History of Pirates http://www.filmzone.com/cutthroat/highseas/highseas.html Offers too much graphic and gory info for children to use independently. There is useful information that is best pulled by teachers and used independently of the Website.

27. Lighthouse Getaway!

http://zuma.lib.utk.edu/lights/lights.html Contains information on lighthouses in New England, the Outer Banks, California, Oregon and other locations. Beautiful, fast-loading photographs are the most striking feature.

X. Workbook/Activity Resources
1.Kids Discover Oceans - booklet with articles and activities.
2.Oscar's Ocean - integrated unit for primary (mostly) grades by Interact. Very good pictures for all grades.
3. A Week At The Beach - supplemental activity guide.
4. Aquatic Project Wild - education program of activities for K - high school.
5. Atlas of Exploration - books on explorers.
6. The Ocean - grades 2-3; intergrated activities for whole language.
7. Tide Pools and Coral Reefs - primary grades; thematic unit activities.
8. Oceans - intermediate grades; thematic unit activites.
9. Sea Animals - early childhood; thematic unit activities.
10. Endangered Oceans - K-4th; background information, resource material, activities, and patterns.
11. Sharks by Rhoda Blumberg (Avon Books; 1976)
12. The Usborne Book Of Ocean Facts by Anita Ganeri
13. Protecting the Oceans by John Baines (Steck-Vaughn; 1991)
14. Sharks by Kay Richards (Willowisp Press)
15. Sharks In Questions-The Smithsonian Answer Book by Victor G. Springer
16. Osborne Mysteries & Marvels of Ocean Life by Rick Morris (1983)
17. Starfish by Edith Thacher Hurd (1962)
18. Oceanography by Marion B. Carr (Golden Press)


XI. Video Resources (See Your Media Specialist About Obtaining The Following Tapes)
1.Animal Classifications 20 Minutes 3rd Grade If You Were A Fish

2.Bill Nye 30 Minutes 1st -3rd Grade
Oceanography
Fish
Waves
Ocean Waves


3. Community Of Living Things 15 Minutes 3rd Grade Creeks and Oceans

4. Magic School Bus 30 Minutes 1-3rd Grade Wet All Over Ups and Downs

5. Nature Scene 30 Minutes 3rd Grade Huntington South Atlantic Beach
Hunting Island
Memories of the Sea S
C From Mountains to the Sea
6. Outside With Slim Goodbody 15 Minutes 3rd Grade Our Watery World

7. Palmetto Places 28 Minutes 3rd Grade Georgetown St. Helena

8. Reading Rainbow 30 Minutes K- 3rd Grade
Louie The Fish
Come A Tide
Three By The Sea
Dive To Coral Reefs
Seashore Surprises
Humphrey The Lost Whale
9. Sandlappers Corner 15 Minutes 3rd Grade Places To See - Carolina Coast

10. Seahouse 5 Minutes K-3rd Grade Lessons 1-20: Marine Life/Relationship Among Living Things

11. Stories and Poems From Long Ago 15 Minutes 3rd Grade Stories Of The Sea

12. 3-2-1 Classroom Contact 15 Minutes 3rd Grade Oceans 3-D Environment Antarctic Animals: Living On The Edge

13. 3-2-1 Contact 30 Minutes 3rd Grade Oceans - By The Sea Oceans - Of The Sea Oceans - On The Sea Oceans - In The Sea

14. World Of Nature 15 Minutes K-3rd Grade Saving The Manatee Sea Lions: Lessons On The Beach

15. Doors of Wonder 30 Minutes K-3rd Grade The Rainbow Fish

16. Great Plains National ITV Libraray 30 Minutes K-3rd Grade Jack, The Seal, And The Sea

XII.. Sea-faring recipes:
1. Tuna In a Cone - Drain one 6 1/2 ounce can of tuna and place in a mixing bow. Add 1/3 cup mayonnaise; 2 tbsp. sweet pickle relish; 1/4 tsp. salt and stir with fork. Scoop mixture into ice cream cone and top with an olive, pickle slice or cherry tomato.

2. Starfish Sandwiches - Make sandwiches using salmon spread, fish cakes or sardines. Add cheese. With a star-shaped cookie cutter, press out a star shape. Decorate your Starfish with cream cheese, pimento eyes and olive mouths.

3. Imitation Eels - Make blue gelatin and pour into a new, unused fish bowl. Fill with gummy worms. Once the gelatin sets, the bowl resembles a mini aquarium.


XIII. Book Selections
Fiction Author Title Publisher
Clements, Andrew. Big Al. Scholastic.
Cole, Joanna. The Magic School on the Ocean Floor. Scholastic.
Cooney, Barbara. Hattie and the Wild Wave. Viking.
Cooney, Barbara. Island Boy. Viking .
Cummings, Priscilla. Chadwick and the Garplegrungen. Tidewater.
Ehlert, Lois. Fish Eyes: A Book You Can Count On. Harcourt .
Gibbons, Gail. Beacons of Light: Lighthouses. Morrow .
Guiberson, Brenda. Lobster Boat. Holt.
Heller, Ruth. How to Hide an Octopus & Other Sea Creatures. Grosset .
Hulme, Joy. Sea Squares. Hyperion.
Kimmel, Eric. Anansi Goes Fishing. Holiday.
Kipling, Rudyard. New Illustrated Just So Stories. Doubleday.
Koch, Michelle. By the Sea. Greenwillow.
Levinson, Riki. Our Home Is the Sea. Penguin.
Liddledale, Freya. The Magic Fish. Scholastic.
Lionni, Leo. Swimmy. Knopf.
Martin, Antoinette T. Famous Seaweed Soup.Whitman.
McDonald, Megan. Is This a House for Hermit Crab? Orchard.
Paraskevas, Betty. Monster Beach. Harcourt Brace.
Pallota, Jerry. Going Lobstering. Charlesbridge.
Roop, Peter & Connie. Keep the Lights Burning, Abbie. Carolrhoda.
Swift,Hildegarde &Ward.The Little Red Lighthouse. Voyager.
Tafuri, Nancy. Follow Me! Greenwillow .
Van Allsburg, Chris. The Wretched Stone. Houghton .
Waber, Bernard. I Was All Thumgs. Houghton .
Walton, Rick & Ann. Something's Fishy! Jokes About Sea Creatures. Lerner.
Zolotow, Charlotte. The Seashore Book. HarperCollins.


Nonfiction
Adler, David. Over Amazing Ocean. Troll.
Bendick, Jeanne. Exploring an Ocean Tide Pool. Holt.

Bramwell, Martyn. The Oceans. F. Watts. Cole, Joanna The Magic School Bus On The Ocean Floor. Scholastic.
Donnelly, Judy. The Titanic Lost . . .and Found. Random House.
Doubilet, Anne. Under the Sea from A to Z. Crown.
Feeny, Stephanie. Sand To Sea: Marine Life of Hawaii.U. of Hawaii
French, Vivian. Why The Sea Is Salty? Reader's Digest Press.
Gibbons, Gail. Sunken Treasure. HarperCollins.
Hirschi, Ron. Ocean. Bantam Books.
Hirschi, Ron. Where Are My Puffins, Whales, and Seals? Bantam Books.
Jenson, Dr. Anthony. Under Sea Mission. Gareth Stevens.
Lauber, Patricia. An Octopus Is Amazing. HarperCollins.
MacDonald, Suse. Sea Shapes. Harcourt .
Matthew, Rupert. Record Breakers of the Sea. Troll.
McMillan, Bruce. Beach for Birds. Houghton.
Mud-Ruth, Maria. The Ultimate Ocean Book. Western .
Nielson, Barbara. The Great Barrier Reef.Gallery.
Oppenheim, Joanne. Oceanarium. Bantam Books.
Pallota, Jerry. The Ocean Alphabet Book. Charlesbridge.
Pallota, Jerry. The Underwater Alphabet Book. Charlesbridge.
Parker, Steve. Eyewitness Books-Seashore. Knopf.
Pope, Joyce. Seashore. Knopf.
Robbins, Ken. Boats. Scholastic .
Rotner, Shelley & Kreisler. Ocean Day. Macmillan .
Rowland, Della. Whales and Dolphins. Macmillan.
Segaloff, Nat & Erickson. A Reef Comes to Life. Watts
. Simon, Seymour. Oceans. Morrow Jr. Sipera, Paul P. I Can Be An Oceanographer Children's Press.
Taylor, Barbara. Shoreline. Dorling Kindersley.
Tayntor, Elizabeth. Dive to the Coral Reefs. Crown.
Wallace, Karen. Think of an Eel.Candlewick .
Wheeler, Alwyne. Fishes. Usborne-Haye.
Zim, Herbert & Ingle. Seashore. Golden Book.
XIV. Interactive Multimedia 1. Microsoft Oceans(CD-ROM): Explore The Mysterious World of the Deep.
2. The Magic School Bus Explores the Ocean (Microsoft Home)


XV. Culminating Activity Plan a trip to the seashore. Spend part of the day on the beach observing shells and plants. Schedule a visit to a marine biologist site and possibly take an excursion on a boat. Arrange for an appropriate lecture with the sponsors.

XVI. Evaluation
·Initiate a group discussion about the day spent at the seashore. Ask what sights, smells and sounds that were notices while there. Focus on what was learned in the classroom setting and then reinforced during the trip Were students eager to participate in the discussion? Did each have a turn with expressing their thoughts? ·Ask students to write a short paper highlighting the major issues that made an impression on them during the visit and while studying the unit. Provide materials for them to illustrate the paper. Did the papers accurately portray major themes covered? Do students seem to have a grasp of the variety of areas concerned with ocean and undersea life?
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